Communications on a
National Project
link to the InOrb technology bead game -> .
The Orb (Ontology
referential base) technology design makes the assumption that one only needs to
measure structure, grammatical or otherwise, and present this structure as
subject matter indicators. The
commonly occurring structures are visually rendered as icons whose interpretation
is left to an informed human.
One does not have to encode
all knowledge in a graph construction and then attempt to make strong
inferences based on closed formalisms like first order predicate logics, or
dynamical systems (such as Latent Semantic Indexing and neural network
classifiers).
Orb technology presents an
alternative. This alternative is a
human-centric technology that depends on human cognitive acuity and tacit
knowledge. This technology is characterized
as Human-centric Information Production (HIP).
A group of primary scientists claim that the hard problems related to artificial intelligence and computational linguistics cannot be solved. Work dedicated to solving these problems have not been fruitful. The HIP alternative promises to more functional, has higher dependable utility, and leads to a humanization of what is now very a de-humanizing paradigm in machine intelligence and artificial intelligence.
The insolvability of the hard problems in artificial intelligence is related to the hard problems of mind-body in Western philosophy. These problems are not unsolvable because the task of solving the problem has not yet been accomplished. These problems are simply unsolvable, like the problem of finding the largest integer. There simply is no final answer and no good answer.
So to be clear, our objection to
the artificial intelligence paradigm is based on two separate and independent
claims:
1) artificial
intelligence is poor science in that there is a fundamental
misrepresentation of natural science related to human memory, awareness and
anticipation.
2) artificial
intelligence is keep alive by social mythology and drives a
de-humanizing myths harmful to society because humans are portrayed as inferior
to machines.
Each of these claims stands on the
claim’s own merit.
We recognize that machine encoded
structure will support deductive inference based on rules, but we also point to
literature in natural science that suggest a categorical difference between
computer programs and the processes involved in memory, awareness and
anticipation by humans.
The Orb technology measures
patterns of co-occurrence and linguistic type to produce subject matter
indicators that are viewable in a graphical form (making the measured patterns
memorable) such as show in the figure below.
Figure 1: Subject
matter indicator for “capitalism” in the context of these bead games (see index)
Figure 2: Subject
matter indicator for “hash” in the context of these bead games
In Figure 1, we see that four, and only four, of the words listed in a set of “significant words” are co-occurring with the word “capitalism”. The current measurement rule requires that the co-occurrence occur twice before being counted as having “co-occurred”. This rule greatly reduces that information encoded into the Orb. The rule can be modified during the measurement, or a measurement made that encodes also the frequency of co-occurrence so that a change in resolution of the Orb structure can be made without the original source document collection.
The subject matter indicators are local neighborhoods of the Orb construction.
An Orb is a subset of ordered triples having the form:
{ < a, r, b > }
where a and b are graph nodes and r is a link between the two nodes. Topological neighborhoods of the mathematical constructions can have variable radius, not simply a radius of 1 (as in Figure 1 and 2).
Figure 3: A section of an Orb construction with two neighborhoods of variable radius
The development of Orb technology is part of a new
revolution in HIP (Human-centric Information Production) that fits within the
model of Many-to-Many and Peer-to-Peer communication systems. Disputes over ownership of knowledge
are replaced with a scholarly presentation of the history of concepts expressed. Economic gain is made because the concepts
are available for use.
The primary obstacle to HIP technology is the
current business model that requires ownership of social discourse so that
access to information about the social discourse is controlled for purposes of
supporting advertising. The music
industries ownership over music production and consumption is a model of the
control imposed by an industry dependant on aggregating ownership of
intellectual property generated by individuals.
Peer-to-Peer publishing of music recorded by fans at
live concerts is a model of HIP technology and social theory. The financial benefits to the recording
artists are huge since the cut made by the recording industry on income is
missing. But there is also a
social benefit that comes because the technology for live recording and
Peer-to-Peer distribution allows the music to be listened in near real time by
anyone who wishes to listen to that music.
The utility function that governs the selection of
music shifts from one that measures profit to the recording industry to one
that measures interest by consumers and recording artists.
:: .::. . The Ontology Steam Inc
.::. .:
:: .::. . We do for knowledge what Napster does
for music .::. .: